Red Bull's Max Verstappen became the youngest winner in F1 history as Mercedes' Lewis Hamilton and Nico Rosberg crashed out of the Spanish GP.
Hamilton and Rosberg came together on lap one as the world champion tried to pass his team-mate, leaving Red Bull and Ferrari to dispute the race.
Verstappen, 18, held off Ferrari's Kimi Raikkonen after team-mate Daniel Ricciardo took a three-stop strategy.
He made his two-stop strategy work to seal a thrilling race near Barcelona.
It was a stunning end to a remarkable race, which started with the unthinkable.
Hamilton, who had taken a superb pole position on Saturday, made a decent start but Rosberg's was very slightly better and the German was able to draft him down the straight and and pass around the outside into Turn One.
A determined Hamilton was much faster through the fast Turn Three, as a result of Rosberg being in the wrong engine mode, and was closing quickly.
Hamilton dived for the inside on the exit of the corner as Rosberg came right across the track to defend his position. Hamilton did not lift, went onto the grass and lost control, collecting Rosberg's car as he spun back on to the track and taking both out.
Now what happens?
The race stewards looked into the incident after the race, but decided to take no further action.
"Did that just happen?": Hamilton looks despairingly into the distance following the crash
However, the fallout will continue within the Mercedes team.
Mercedes non-executive chairman Niki Lauda called the incident "stupid" and blamed Hamilton for being "too aggressive".
But Mercedes F1 boss Toto Wolff said: "It is a very difficult situation, a very difficult incident to analyse.
"It is definitely not clear-cut so I wouldn't want to blame any of them at that stage.
"Lewis had much more speed, Nico closed the door, Lewis was too wide on the inside and lost the car. It is definitely not a 100% pro one and zero the other."
Whatever the rights and wrongs of the incident, the result of it plays into Rosberg's hands. He retains a 43-point lead over Hamilton but the Briton now has one fewer race - 16 - to close it down.
Verstappen has beaten the previous youngest winner record - held by Sebastian Vettel - by three years
A dream debut
The son of ex-F1 driver Jos, Verstappen - only 18 - had Raikkonen within a second of him for the last 22 laps but did not put a wheel wrong to take his first win on his debut for Red Bull, following his promotion from junior team Toro Rosso before this race.
"To win in the first race is such an amazing feeling," Verstappen said. "My dad helped me a lot to achieve this, this is amazing."
But Ricciardo may feel hard done by after he led the first 28 laps of the race from Verstappen only for Red Bull to pull him in on lap 38 and put him on a three-stop strategy, which was calculated to be the slower one before the race.
Out of media player. Press enter to return or tab to continue. Formula 1: Up close and personal with Max Verstappen
That put Verstappen into the lead and demoted Ricciardo to third behind Verstappen and Raikkonen.
That became fourth within a few laps because Ferrari followed suit with Sebastian Vettel on the next lap and then made the German's final stop before Red Bull to get him ahead of Ricciardo.
Ricciardo made his final stop on lap 43 - six laps after Vettel - and caught him with 10 laps to go.
The Australian made an aggressive but ultimately fruitless dive down the inside of Turn One on lap 59 with seven laps to go.
Max Verstappen's father Jos drove in F1 during the 1990s - his highest ever finish being third for Benetton
The move incurred Vettel's wrath as he had to take avoiding action before Ricciardo slid wide and off the track, allowing Vettel to edge back ahead.
"If I don't avoid him he goes straight into my car," Vettel screamed over the radio. "What are we doing, racing or ping-pong?"
Ricciardo kept trying, but Vettel was able to hold him off until with two laps to go Ricciardo suddenly lost pace with a left rear puncture and dropped back.
But he had enough time to make a pit stop for fresh tyres and retain fourth ahead of Williams' Valtteri Bottas.
"Well, that was quick!": Red Bull's Dr Helmut Marko, left, was the man who dropped Daniil Kvyat and put Max Verstappen in a Red Bull little more than a week ago
Vettel was furious with Ricciardo's attempted pass towards the end of the race
Verstappen is the first Dutch winner of an F1 race
Hamilton still trails Rosberg by 43 points in the drivers' title